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Wydanie 1/2011
str. 97

Suplementacja melatoniną oraz związek statusu antyoksydacyjnego z patogenezą jaskry pierwotnej otwartego kąta

Supplementation of Melatonin and the Role of Total Antioxidant Status

Katarzyna Malinowska1, Mira Gacek2, Anna Zaleska-Żmijewska2, Jacek P. Szaflik2, Ireneusz Majsterek1, Jerzy Szaflik2

¹ Zakład Chemii i Biochemii Klinicznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi
Kierownik: dr hab. n. biol., prof ndzw. Ireneusz Majsterek
² Katedra i Klinika Okulistyki II Wydziału Lekarskiego Warszawskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego
Samodzielny Publiczny Kliniczny Szpital Okulistyczny w Warszawie
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Jerzy Szaflik

Summary: Purpose: Glaucoma is a group of diseases with progressive optic neuropathy leading to complete blindness. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma and is associated with a resistance increase of the aqueous humor outflow. There are reports showing that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma. The progressive loss of trabecular cells in patients with glaucoma may be associated with long-term effects of oxidative stress caused by free radicals (ROS). The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (ZnCu-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) after 4 weeks of melatonin supplementation in patients with open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and in the control group of healthy volunteers.
Material and methods: Tests were conducted in a group of 10 patients diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma at the average age of 64 ± 11.48 for control group of 10 subjects at the average age of 66.5 ± 10.2. Material for the study was blood from patients during routine testing. Melatonin in a single dose of 5 mg/day was administered to POAG patients and controls for 30 days before a sleep. CAT activity was determined by Beers (1952), SOD activity by the method of Misra and Fridovich (1972), whereas GPX activity by the method of Little and O’Brien (1968).
Results: It was found a statistically significant decrease of an activity of antioxidant enzymes according to controls: CAT (controls – 13.05 ± 3.75 U/gHb; patients – 9.83 ± 2.23 U/gHb), SOD (controls – 2439.44 ± 284.46 U⁄gHb; patients – 1099.08 ± 322 U/gHb) and GPX (control – 78.19 ± 22.74 U/gHb; patients – 58.47 ± 32.84 U/gHb). The most interesting, we observed that melatonin administration in POAG patients group caused a significant increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT 22.97 ± 4.52 U/gHb, SOD 2049.35 ± 717.57 U/gHb, 67.92 ± 8.20 GPX U/gHb.
Conclusion: Patients with open-angle glaucoma were characterized by the decrease of antioxidant enzymes activity: catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase superoxide indicating impairment of an antioxidant defense. Therefore, antioxidants such as melatonin, which increases the activity of CAT, SOD and GPX may be an important factor for the prevention and treatment of open angle glaucoma.
In conclusion, we suggested that oxidative stress might play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma.

Słowa kluczowe: jaskra pierwotna otwartego kąta, antyoksydanty, melatonina, CAT, SOD, GPX.

Keywords: glaucoma, open penalty, antioxidants, melatonin, CAT, SOD, GPX.

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