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Wydanie 2/2011
str. 67

Podłoże zaburzeń krążenia w przebiegu zwyrodnienia plamki związanego z wiekiem i charakterystyka zmian siatkówkowych w obrazie ultrasonografii dopplerowskiej w kolorze

Origin of Eyeball Circulation Disturbances in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Lesions Characteristics in Color Doppler Ultrasonography Visualization

Monika Modrzejewska

Klinika Okulistyki Pomorskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Szczecinie
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Danuta Karczewicz

Summary: The aim of the review was to present hypotheses concerning the origin of eyeball circulation disturbances in age-related macular degeneration allowing of endothelial, inflammatory and retinal risk factors that influence the formation of vascular lesions. AMD hemodynamic disturbance is associated not only with retinal-choroidal arterial circulation alterations but also with changes in vorticose veins system. Rigidity of the sclera, veins stretching and intramural ocular pressure increase are the reason for choroidal capillary exudate which, by aggregating under pigment epithelium, causes detachment of neurosensory part of the retina. The results of eyeball circulation disturbances are alterations in retinal metabolism which lead to chronic eye tissue ischemia and to hypoxia factors release. That increases the expression of vascular endothelial growth factors that stimulate neovascularization. Additionally, multidirectional processes of inflammatory, immunologic and proangiogenic reaction take part in this phenomenon. Moreover, the characteristic of AMD lesions visualized with the use of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) depending on the stage of development was described in this article. This method plays an important role in both diagnosing AMD changes and in differentiation from other intrabulbar pathologies. AMD retinal changes visualization remains additional, noninvasive technique which can be effectively used in ophthalmology.

Słowa kluczowe: krążenie gałkowe, czynniki ryzyka zaburzeń naczyniowych, zwyrodnienie plamki związane z wiekiem, ultrasonografia dopplerowska w kolorze.

Keywords: eyeball circulation, vascular disturbances risk factors, age-related macular degeneration, color Doppler ultrasonography.

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