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Wydanie 4/2011
str. 27

Analiza występowania czynników ryzyka współistniejących z rozwojową retinopatią wcześniaczą o różnym stadium zaawansowania u dzieci urodzonych przedwcześnie – w materiale Kliniki Okulistyki PUM (lata 2001-2010)

Analysis of the Risk Factors Incidence and its Coincidence with Development of Different Stages of Advanced Retinopathy of Prematurity in Premature Newborns in Data of the Clinic of Ophthalmology PUM – 2001-2010

Alicja Zdanowska¹, Monika Modrzejewska², Wojciech Lubiński²

¹ Niepubliczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej „Łokietka” w Szczecinie
  Kierownik: lek med. Alicja Zdanowska
² Katedra i Klinika Okulistyki Pomorskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Szczecinie
  Kierownik: dr hab. med. Wojciech Lubiński, prof. nadzw. PUM, FEBO

Summary: ROP – retinopathy of prematurity is a disease of retina and vitreous body of premature infants, especially those born before 28 week of intrauterine life, rarely until 33 week of pregnancy. The pathogenesis is involved with the damage of immature vessels of the retina. According to the stage of changes in the retina, there could be some complications of the vision organ, such as: refractive errors, disturbances of eye movement, poor vision or even blindness.
The aim of our study was the analysis of the results of risk factors examination of ROP in West-Pomeranian region in the years 2001-2010 and estimation of risk factors of advanced stages of ROP.
Patients and Methods: From January 2001 to June 2010 in Outpatients Clinic for Premature Infants of the Ophthalmology Department of Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin we have examined 1747 newborns. In this group of babies, various risk factors have been analyzed – those on child’s and mother’s side as well as perinatal ones – which had an influence on ROP development. In the studied group, ROP occurred in 46.5% (n = 812) of the newborns. The most often diagnosed stage of the disease was stage 1-26.2% (n = 457); then stage 2-10.6% (n = 185); stage 3-6.8% (n = 118), stage 4-1.4% (n = 24) and stage 5-1.5% (n = 27), respectively.
Conclusions: The statistically important risk factors of ROP development in premature infants noted in the examined group were: birth weight, postmenstrual age and neurological disturbances. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, asphyxia and necrotizing enterocolitis increase statistically significantly the risk of ROP. Mechanical ventilation IPPV and SIMV have significant influence on ROP incidence in newborns.

Słowa kluczowe: wcześniactwo, retinopatia wczesniacza, czynniki ryzyka.

Keywords: praematurity, retinopathy of praematurity, risk factors.

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