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Wydanie 4/2014
str. 38

Zmiany właściwości reologicznych krwi w przebiegu zwyrodnienia plamki związanego z wiekiem

Changes in the Hemorheological Parameters in Age-related Macular Degeneration

Dorota Śpiewak¹, Agnieszka Regucka¹, Ludmiła Słowińska-Łożyńska², Adam Kabiesz¹, Katarzyna Witek¹, Katarzyna Michalska-Małecka¹

¹Katedra i Klinika Okulistyki, Uniwersyteckie Centrum Okulistyki i Onkologii, Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Wanda Romaniuk
² Katedra i Zakład Biofizyki Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach
Kierownik: dr hab. n. fiz. Karol Monkos

Summary: Purpose: Stressing the importance of blood rheological disorders in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration.
Material and Methods: The analysis of the available scientific literature (clinical trials and review papers), including the most recent reports of domestic and foreign literature on the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration with particular emphasis on hemorheological changes.
Results: The study of reports from the years 1992–2014 on the importance of age-related macular degeneration with an indication of a significant share of hemorheological disorders in the formation and progression of the most common causes of vision loss in individuals over 50 years of age.
Discussion: Age-related macular degeneration rheological disorders are associated with an increase in the blood and plasma viscosity, elevated erythrocyte aggregation, decreased erythrocyte deformability, as well as a increase in the fibrinogen level and hematocrit values. These changes correlate with the impaired lipid metabolism, in particular its atherogenic profile: increase in the level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and reduction in HDL cholesterol. Systemic disorders such as atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes have significant impact on the development of age-related degenerative changes in retina. Currently, studies are being conducted on the treatment which would modulate the hemorheological parameters in age--related macular degeneration therapy. At present, rheohemapheresis (plasma filtration) is applied in order to reduce the level of proteins with high molecular weight, including fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, alpha-2 macroglobulin, and cholesterol. This results in decrease in plasma viscosity, red blood cells aggregation and resistance in the microcirculation. This method is used in both dry and wet age-related macular degeneration.
Conclusions: Changes in hemorheological parameters are one of the key factors responsible for age-related macular degeneration development.

Słowa kluczowe: zwyrodnienie plamki związane z wiekiem, zmiany hemoreologiczne

Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, hemorheological changes.

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