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Wydanie 1/2016
str. 13 - 19

Nowa biomechaniczna koncepcja neuropatii jaskrowej

New Biomechanical Concept of Glaucomatous Neuropathy

Joanna Wierzbowska

Klinika Okulistyki CSK MON
Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny w Warszawie
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Marek Rękas

Summary: In a review both the contemporary and the newest pathogenetic hypotheses of glaucomatous optic neuropathy were highlighted. According to the new biomechanical concept of glaucoma, intraocular pressure acts mechanically on the tissues of the eye, producing strain and deformations within the optic nerve head. These deformations depend on the particular tissue geometry and material properties of the connective tissues of the lamina cribrosa region. Intraocular pressure-related chronic stress induces alterations in the tissue microarchitecture, perturbations in axonal transport and blood flow in the laminar region, which in turn influences the diffusion of nutrients to astrocytes and retinal ganglion cells, promotes the apoptosis and induces structural remodeling within the optic nerve head.

Słowa kluczowe: neuropatia jaskrowa, biomechanika, ciśnienie wewnątrzgałkowe, tarcza nerwu wzrokowego, blaszka sitowa.

Keywords: glaucomatous optic neuropathy, biomechanics, intraocular pressure, optic nerve head, lamina cribrosa.

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