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Wydanie 2/2016
str. 32 - 34

Zmiany w narządzie wzroku w przebiegu zespołu Behçeta – objawy, diagnostyka i leczenie

Ocular Manifestations of the Behçet’s Syndrome – Symptoms, Diagnostics and Treatment

Martyna Nowak ¹ , Julia Janiszewska-Salamon ¹ , Ewa Mrukwa-Kominek ^1,2

¹ Oddział Okulistyki Dorosłych, Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne im. prof. K. Gibińskiego Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach
² Klinika Okulistyki Katedry Okulistyki Wydziału Lekarskiego w Katowicach Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Ewa Mrukwa-Kominek

Summary: The Behçet’s disease is the multisystem vasculitis. It is distinguished by recurrent ulceration or erosion of oral cavity and genital area. Episodically also befall inflammation of eye (also known as uveitis) and skin lesion. The aim of this study is to discuss ophthalmologic symptoms of Behçet’s syndrome, its diagnosis and treatment. The author depicts ophthalmic symptoms which are present frequently during disease course and they are appearing early if compared to other symptoms. Usually supervene to uveitis. The disease can affect secondary glaucoma or complicated cataract if it is the anterior uveitis involved, while posterior uveitis cause floaters in the vitreous body. In the back pole inflammation can also imply retinal edema, deviation within vessels, optic nerve atrophy, macular edema, retinal haemorrhage, emergence of scar in the macular and branch retinal vein occlusion. In diagnosis of ophthalmic changes, examination should be implemented including: fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, ocular coherence tomography. Nowadays treatment algorhithms for people suffering Behçet’s disease are not standardized. Usually treatment consist of administration of a topical steroids, cycloplegic medication and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. If treatment is not making adequate profits, then systemic corticosteroids should be applied. If patient does not respond well to the traditional immunosuppresive treatment, interferon alfa can be used. Conclusion: Behçet’s disease is chronic, systemic disease with exacerbation and remission process usually with the ophthalmologic manifestations. Better knowledge of pathological ophthalmic symptoms will improve and support the diagnostic process and fasten diagnosis.

Słowa kluczowe: zespół Behçeta, zapalenie naczyń układowe, zapalenie błony naczyniowej, owrzodzenie jamy ustnej, angiografia fluoresceinowa, optyczna koherentna tomografia, glikokortykosteroidy.

Keywords: Behçet’s syndrome, multisystem vasculitis, uveitis, oral ulceration, fluorescein angiography, ocular coherence tomography, corticosteroids.

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