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Wydanie 2/2010
str. 39

Objawy okulistyczne w zaburzeniach naczyniowych mózgu.
Część II. Charakterystyka tętniaków mózgu

Ocular Manifestation of the Vascular Brain Disorders.
Part II. Cerebral Aneurysms Characteristics

Iwona Obuchowska, Zofia Mariak

Klinika Okulistyki Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Białymstoku
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Zofia Mariak

Summary: Brain aneurysm is a cerebrovascular disorder in which weakness in the arterial wall of causes localized dilation or ballooning of the blood vessel. Factors that promote aneurysmal changes in arteries include female gender, hypertension, smoking, alcohol and connective tissue diseases. Cerebral aneurysms are classified both by size and shape. The most frequent types are saccular, which comprise 90% of all intracranial aneurysms. The common location of cerebral aneurysms is on the arteries at the base of the brain, known as the circle of Willis. Most intracranial aneurysms remain asymptomatic until they rupture and cause subarachnoid hemorrhage. Such symptoms as: sudden and severe headache, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness, are evidence for their rupture. To identify aneurysm, cerebral angiography, especially digital subtraction angiography, as well as CT or MR angiography are applied. Patients with suspected or confirmed asymptomatic or symptomatic cerebral aneurysms should be referred to neurosurgeon. Currently there are two treatment options for brain aneurysm: surgical clipping or coil embolization. The goal of clipping is to isolate aneurysm from the normal circulation without blocking off any small perforating arteries nearby. The small clip is placed across the base or neck of the aneurysm to stop the normal blood flow entering. With coil embolization, an interventional neuroradiologist treads a catheter through a small incision in the groin to the site of the aneurysm. Through the catheter numerous soft platinum coils are placed into the aneurysm sac. Then the body develops a blood clot around the coil.

Słowa kluczowe: tętniak mózgu, angiografia naczyń mózgowych, klipsowanie, embolizacja.

Keywords: brain aneurysm, cerebral angiography, clipping, embolization.

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